Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary - ground
Связанные словари
Ground
ground
(grounds, grounding, grounded) Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English. 1. The ground is the surface of the earth. Forty or fifty women were sitting cross-legged on the ground... We slid down the roof and dropped to the ground. N-SING: the N • Something that is below ground is under the earth’s surface or under a building. Something that is above ground is on top of the earth’s surface. People were making for the air-raid shelters below ground. PHRASE 2. If you say that something takes place on the ground, you mean it takes place on the surface of the earth and not in the air. Coordinating airline traffic on the ground is as complicated as managing the traffic in the air. N-SING: oft N n 3. The ground is the soil and rock on the earth’s surface. The ground had eroded. ...the marshy ground of the river delta. N-SING: usu the N 4. You can refer to land as ground, especially when it has very few buildings or when it is considered to be special in some way. ...a stretch of waste ground... This memorial stands on sacred ground. N-UNCOUNT: usu with supp 5. You can use ground to refer to an area of land, sea, or air which is used for a particular activity. ...Indian hunting grounds... The best fishing grounds are around the islands. N-COUNT: supp N 6. A ground is an area of land which is specially designed and made for playing sport or for some other activity. In American English grounds is also used. ...the city’s football ground. ...a parade ground. N-COUNT: supp N 7. The grounds of a large or important building are the garden or area of land which surrounds it. ...the palace grounds. ...the grounds of the University. N-PLURAL: usu with supp, oft N of n, n N 8. You can use ground to refer to a place or situation in which particular methods or ideas can develop and be successful. The company has maintained its reputation as the developing ground for new techniques... Colonialism is especially fertile ground for nationalist ideas. N-VAR: with supp, oft N for n 9. You can use ground in expressions such as on shaky ground and the same ground to refer to a particular subject, area of experience, or basis for an argument. Sensing she was on shaky ground, Marie changed the subject... The French are on solid ground when they argue that competitiveness is no reason for devaluation... It’s often necessary to go over the same ground more than once. N-UNCOUNT: supp N, oft on adj N 10. Ground is used in expressions such as gain ground, lose ground, and give ground in order to indicate that someone gets or loses an advantage. (JOURNALISM) There are signs that the party is gaining ground in the latest polls... The US dollar lost more ground. N-UNCOUNT 11. If something is grounds for a feeling or action, it is a reason for it. If you do something on the grounds of a particular thing, that thing is the reason for your action. In the interview he gave some grounds for optimism... The court overturned that decision on the grounds that the Prosecution had withheld crucial evidence... Owen was against it, on the grounds of expense. N-VAR: N for n, on N with supp 12. If an argument, belief, or opinion is grounded in something, that thing is used to justify it. Her argument was grounded in fact... They believe the soul is immortal, grounding this belief on the Divine nature of the human spirit. = base VERB: be V-ed in/on n, V n in/on n 13. If an aircraft or its passengers are grounded, they are made to stay on the ground and are not allowed to take off. The civil aviation minister ordered all the planes to be grounded... A hydrogen leak forced NASA to ground the space shuttle. VERB: be V-ed, V n 14. When parents ground a child, they forbid them to go out and enjoy themselves for a period of time, as a punishment. Thompson grounded him for a month, and banned television. VERB: V n 15. If a ship or boat is grounded or if it grounds, it touches the bottom of the sea, lake, or river it is on, and is unable to move off. Residents have been told to stay away from the region where the ship was grounded... The boat finally grounded on a soft, underwater bank. ...a grounded oil tanker. VERB: be V-ed, V, V-ed 16. The ground in an electric plug or piece of electrical equipment is the wire through which electricity passes into the ground and which makes the equipment safe. (AM; in BRIT, use earth) N-COUNT: usu sing 17. Ground meat has been cut into very small pieces in a machine. (mainly AM; in BRIT, usually use minced) ...ground beef. ...The sausages are made of coarsely ground pork. ADJ 18. Ground is the past tense and past participle of grind. 19. see also grounding, home ground 20. If you break new ground, you do something completely different or you do something in a completely different way. Gellhorn may have broken new ground when she filed her first report on the Spanish Civil War. PHRASE: V inflects c darkgreen]approval 21. If you say that a town or building is burnt to the ground or is razed to the ground, you are emphasizing that it has been completely destroyed by fire. The town was razed to the ground after the French Revolution. PHRASE: V inflects c darkgreen]emphasis 22. If two people or groups find common ground, they agree about something, especially when they do not agree about other things. PHRASE 23. If you go to ground, you hide somewhere where you cannot easily be found. (BRIT) Citizens of East Beirut went to ground in basements and shelters. PHRASE: V inflects 24. The middle ground between two groups, ideas, or plans involves things which do not belong to either of these groups, ideas, or plans but have elements of each, often in a less extreme form. She seems to have found a middle ground in which mutual support, rather than complete dependency, is possible. PHRASE: oft PHR between n 25. If something such as a project gets off the ground, it begins or starts functioning. We help small companies to get off the ground. PHRASE: PHR after v, v-link PHR 26. If you prepare the ground for a future event, course of action, or development, you make it easier for it to happen. ...a political initiative which would prepare the ground for war. PHRASE: V inflects 27. If you shift your ground or change your ground, you change the basis on which you are arguing. PHRASE: V inflects 28. If you stand your ground or hold your ground, you continue to support a particular argument or to have a particular opinion when other people are opposing you or trying to make you change your mind. The spectacle of Sakharov standing his ground and speaking his mind gave me hope. PHRASE: V inflects 29. If you stand your ground or hold your ground, you do not run away from a situation, but face it bravely. She had to force herself to stand her ground when she heard someone approaching. PHRASE: V inflects 30. If you say that something such as a job or piece of clothing suits someone down to the ground, you mean that it is completely suitable or right for them. (BRIT INFORMAL) PHRASE: V inflects c darkgreen]emphasis 31. If people or things of a particular kind are thin on the ground, there are very few of them. (mainly BRIT) Good managers are often thin on the ground. PHRASE: v-link PHR 32. to have one’s ear to the ground: see ear
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См. в других словарях
1.
I. noun Usage: often attributive Etymology: Middle English, from Old English grund; akin to Old High German grunt ~ Date: before 12th century 1. a. the bottom of a body of water b. plural (1) sediment 1 (2) ~ coffee beans after brewing 2. a. a basis for belief, action, or argument ~ for complaint — often used in plural sufficient ~s for divorce b. (1) a fundamental logical condition (2) a basic metaphysical cause 3. a. a surrounding area ; back~ b. material that serves as a substratum 4. a. the surface of the earth b. an area used for a particular purpose the parade ~ fishing ~s c. plural the area around and belonging to a house or other building d. an area to be won or defended in or as if in battle e. an area of knowledge or special interest covered a lot of ~ in his lecture 5. a. soil, earth b. a special soil 6. a. an object that makes an electrical connection with the earth b. a large conducting body (as the earth) used as a common return for an electric circuit and as an arbitrary zero of potential c. electric connection with a ~ 7. a football offense utilizing primarily running plays II. verb Date: 13th century transitive verb 1. a. to bring to or place on the ~ b. to cause to run a~ 2. a. to provide a reason or justification for our fears about technological change may be well ~ed — L. K. Williams b. to furnish with a foundation of knowledge ; base an understanding…that is ~ed in fact — Michael Kimmelman 3. to connect electrically with a ~ 4. a. to restrict to the ~ ~ a pilot b. to prohibit from taking part in some usual activities ~ed her for a week 5. to throw (a football) intentionally to the ~ to avoid being tackled for a loss intransitive verb 1. to have a ~ or basis ; rely 2. to run a~ 3. to hit a ~er ~ed back to the pitcher III. past and past participle of grind ...Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary
2.
1. n. & v. --n. 1 a the surface of the earth, esp. as contrasted with the air around it. b a part of this specified in some way (low ground). 2 the substance of the earth's surface; soil, earth (stony ground; dug deep into the ground). 3 a a position, area, or distance on the earth's surface. b the extent of activity etc. achieved or of a subject dealt with (the book covers a lot of ground). 4 (often in pl.) a foundation, motive, or reason (there is ground for concern; there are grounds for believing; excused on the grounds of ill-health). 5 an area of a special kind or designated for special use (often in comb.: cricket-ground; fishing-grounds). 6 (in pl.) an area of usu. enclosed land attached to a house etc. 7 an area or basis for consideration, agreement, etc. (common ground; on firm ground). 8 a (in painting) the prepared surface giving the predominant colour or tone. b (in embroidery, ceramics, etc.) the undecorated surface. 9 (in full ground bass) Mus. a short theme in the bass constantly repeated with the upper parts of the music varied. 10 (in pl.) solid particles, esp. of coffee, forming a residue. 11 Electr. = EARTH. 12 the bottom of the sea (the ship touched ground). 13 Brit. the floor of a room etc. 14 a piece of wood fixed to a wall as a base for boards, plaster, or joinery. 15 (attrib.) a (of animals) living on or in the ground; (of fish) living at the bottom of water; (of plants) dwarfish or trailing. b relating to or concerned with the ground (ground staff). --v. 1 tr. refuse authority for (a pilot or an aircraft) to fly. 2 a tr. run (a ship) aground; strand. b intr. (of a ship) run aground. 3 tr. (foll. by in) instruct thoroughly (in a subject). 4 tr. (often as grounded adj.) (foll. by on) base (a principle, conclusion, etc.) on. 5 tr. Electr. = EARTH v. 6 intr. alight on the ground. 7 tr. place or lay (esp. weapons) on the ground. Phrases and idioms break new (or fresh) ground treat a subject previously not dealt with. cut the ground from under a person's feet anticipate and pre-empt a person's arguments, plans,...Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference
3.
1) земля, почва; грунт 2) основание (сооружения) устраивать основание (сооружения) 3) горн. подошва (выработки) 4) горн. почва пласта 5) участок; площадка 6) дно (моря, водоёма) 7) маяк (для штукатурных работ) 8) поверхность под покраску 9) грунт; грунтовка 10) защитная паста (при травлении) 11) мн. ч. осадок 12) заземление, "земля" заземлять 13) замыкание на землю 14) масса (в однопроводной электрической цепи) - antenna ground - arcing ground - artificial ground - banking ground - booming ground - booming-and-sorting ground - building ground - bundling ground - burial ground - chassis ground - clayey ground - clean ground - common ground - compact ground - dead ground - dumping ground - equipment ground - filled-up ground - fill ground - firm ground - fishing ground - frozen ground - gas-pipe ground - hard ground - holding ground - hover ground - imperfect ground - log storage ground - loose ground - made-up ground - made ground - man-made ground - mesh ground - moist ground - muddy ground - neutral ground - noisy ground - original ground - parallel holding ground - partial ground - perfect ground - plaster ground - proof ground - protective ground - proving ground - quick ground - rafting ground - reference ground - RF ground - rough ground - running ground - safety ground - sandy ground - soft ground - solid ground - splayed ground - spoil ground - swinging ground - station ground - temporary ground - transverse holding ground - tree ground - watered ground - water-logged ground - welding ground ...Большой Англо-русский Русско-английский политехнический словарь
4.
грунт; местность; участок земли, площадка пробка (в кладке) штукатурный маяк заземляющая (нулевая) линия электросети, "земля" донная морена поверхность под покраску ground for plaster on the ground children's play ground constantly frozen ground dumping ground electrical ground equipment ground eternally frozen ground loose ground made ground melting ground open ground open storage ground patterned ground perennially frozen ground permanently frozen ground recreation ground seasonal frozen ground sloping ground sports ground supporting ground testing ground thawed ground uneven ground water-bearing ground ...Англо-русский строительный словарь
Англо-русский Русско-английски словарь по телекоммуникациям
6.
1) базировать 2) воздушный 3) грунт 4) грунтовать 5) грунтовой 6) деревянный маяк 7) дно моря 8) донный 9) заземление 10) заземленный 11) заземлитель 12) заземлительный 13) заземлить 14) заземлять 15) заземляющий 16) заложить основание 17) измельченный 18) измолотый 19) местность 20) мотив 21) наземный 22) напочвенный 23) нижний 24) обоснование 25) обосновывать 26) основание 27) основной 28) основывать 29) площадка 30) полигон 31) почва 32) притертый 33) причина 34) размолот 35) размолотый 36) якорно-швартовный above ground level — над уровнем земли airplane breaks ground — самолет отрывается от земли breaking ground for — закладка drag a rope on the ground — тащить канат по земле ground echo pattern — характеристика отражений от почвы ground energy state — основное энергетическое состояние ground fault protection — земляная защита ground idling conditions — земной режим малого газа ground lead logging — наземная лебедочная трелевка ground phosphate rock — фосфоритная мука ground position indicator — аэро индикатор положения относительно земли ground power source — источник питания наземной ground power unit — агрегат аэродромного питания ground power-supply unit — аэродромный силовой агрегат ground radio station — наземная радиостанция ground radio wave — земная радиоволна ground return circuit — цепь возврата...Англо-русский Русско-английский научно-технический словарь
7.
основание – ground for invalidity – ground for opposition – ground of appeal – ground of decision – ground of nullity – ground of rejection – absolute grounds for refusal of registration – solid ground GROUND 1. сущ. 1) земля, поверхность земли 2) участок земли 3) местность 4) область, район 5) юр. основание, обоснование, мотив 6) причина 7) основной принцип • - break fresh ground - break new ground - break new ground - legal ground - on ground that - on the ground of Syn: attitude, position, item of estimate 2. гл. 1) основывать 2) обосновывать ...Англо-русский Русско-английский экономический словарь
8.
1) земля, почва, грунт 2) дно моря 3) лежбище – berrying ground – breeding ground – collecting ground – experimental ground – feeding ground – lekking ground – mussel ground – nesting ground – oyster ground – pasture ground – practice ground – seed ground – spawning ground – wintering ground ...Англо-русский Русско-английский биологический словарь
9.
1. земля, поверхность земли a narrow slip of ground —- узкая полоска земли on English ground —- на английской земле on firm ground —- на суше, на твердой земле to lie on the ground —- лежать на земле to spring from the ground —- вскочить с земли to fall to the ground —- падать на землю 2. почва, земля, грунт fertile ground —- плодородная почва contaminated ground —- радиоактивно зараженный грунт, радиоактивно зараженная местность ground contamination —- воен. заражение местности стойкими отравляющими или радиоактивными веществами ground moistening —- с-х. грунтовое увлажнение to sleep on the bare ground —- спать на голой земле to put one's ear to the ground —- приложить ухо к земле to till the ground —- возделывать землю, пахать to break ground —- распахивать землю; раскапывать, разрывать; рыть котлован; делать первые шали; подготавливать почву to break fresh ground —- поднимать целину; предпринимать что-либо новое 3. дно моря to touch ground —- коснуться дна to strike ground —- промерить глубину лотом to take the ground —- мор. сесть на мель to break ground —- поднимать якорь 4. горн. подошва выработки 5. участок земли 6. сад, парк, участок земли вокруг дома the mansion has extensive grounds —- вокруг особняка обширный парк 7. площадка; спортивная площадка building ground —- строительная площадка football ground —-...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
10.
oak noun 1) поросль дуба (от пня) 2) карликовый дуб GROUND control noun radio наземное управление, управление с земли GROUND crew noun aeron. наземная команда GROUND floor noun нижний, цокольный этаж to get (или to be let) in on the ground floor coll. - а) получить акции на общих основаниях с учредителями; б) занять равное положение; в) оказаться в выигрышном положении GROUND forces noun; pl. сухопутные войска GROUND game noun наземная дичь; пушной зверь (зайцы, кролики и т.п.) GROUND glass noun матовое стекло GROUND 1. noun 1) земля, почва; грунт to fall to the ground - упасть; fig. рушиться (о надежде и т.п.) - take ground 2) местность; область; расстояние to cover much ground - быть широким (об исследовании и т.п.) - cover ground 3) дно моря - take the ground - touch the ground 4) участок земли; спортивная площадка (тж. sports ground) 5) плац; аэродром; полигон 6) pl. сад, парк при доме 7) основание, мотив - on the ground of 8) paint. грунт, фон 9) mus. тема 10) pl. осадок, гуща 11) electr. заземление above/below ground - живущий, в живых (скончавшийся, умерший) to be on the ground - драться на дуэли to cut the ground from under smb. (или smb. s feet) - выбить почву у кого-л. из-под ног to hold/stand ones ground - а) удержать свои позиции, проявить твердость; б) стоять на своем down to the ground coll. - во всех отношениях, вполне, совершенно - forbidden...Англо-русский словарь
11.
~1 n »EARTH SURFACE« 1 the surface of the earth (The leaf slowly fluttered to the ground. | The air raids were followed by military action on the ground. | below/above ground) (miners working 10-hour shifts below ground) (- compare floor1 (1), -see land1) 2 »SOIL« the soil on and under the surface of the earth (Dig the ground over in autumn. | marshy ground) 3 »UNDER THE SEA« the bottom of the sea (Our ship touched ground.) AREA 4 »OPEN LAND« an area of land without buildings or trees (a view across open ground | They're building a car lot on some waste ground across the street.) 5 grounds plural a) a large area of land or sea that is used for a particular activity or sport (hunting grounds | fishing grounds) b) the land or gardens around a large house, hospital etc 6 parade/recreation/burial etc ground an area of land that is used for a particular purpose (- see also playground) 7 »SPORTS« BrE the place where a sport such as football or cricket (2) is played; stadium (the team's home ground (=where they usually play)) 8 cover a lot of ground to travel a very long distance (You certainly covered a lot of ground on your travels.) »SUBJECT« 9 »AREA OF KNOWLEDGE« an area of knowledge, ideas, experience etc (go over the same ground (=talk about the same things again)) (The article says nothing new - it just goes over the same old ground. | be on familiar ground/be on your own ground (=be talking about or dealing with a subject you know a lot about)) (Keith's on familiar ground. He's worked with this type of computer before.) 10 be on dangerous/safe ground to be expressing ideas that are likely or unlikely to offend or embarrass someone 11 cover a lot of ground to give information about many different parts of a subject (It's absurd to try to cover so much ground in such a short lecture.) »OPINION/ATTITUDE« 12 the middle ground the area of political opinion that most people agree about (the middle ground between two passionately opposed views) 13 common ground an area of opinion that two...Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
12.
See: BREAK GROUND, COMMON GROUND, COVER GROUND or COVER THE GROUND, CUT THE GROUND FROM UNDER, EAR TO THE GROUND, FEET ON THE GROUND, GAIN GROUND, GET OFF THE GROUND, GIVE GROUND, HAPPY HUNTING GROUND, HOLD ONE'S GROUND, LOSE GROUND, MIDDLE GROUND, RUN INTO THE GROUND, STAMPING GROUND, STAND ONE'S GROUND, FROM THE GROUND UP. ...Английский словарь американских идиом
13.
- O.E. grund "foundation, ground, earth," especially "bottom of the sea" (a sense preserved in run aground), from P.Gmc. *grundus, which seems to have meant "deep place." Apparently related to grind (cf. coffee grounds). Sense of "reason, motive" was in M.E.; electrical sense is from 1870. Meaning "deny privileges" is 1940s, originally a punishment meted out to pilots (in which sense it is attested from 1931). Ground-hog is attested from 1843. Groundwork (1550) is originally "the solid base on which a structure is built." ...Английский Этимологический словарь
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